Anglo-Saxon Values Essays -- essays research papers

Throughout the Anglo-Saxon and Middle Age periods the main characters always had a similar established economic value honor. This value is prominent in Beowulf, The Seafarer, and The Canterbury Tales. Each of the main characters portray honor either to himself, his followers, his king, and/or his God. These poems are the different aspects of honor intertwined together to form the most prevailing value during this time frame. Beowulf is a story of a brave warrior who fights Grendel in the timeless battle of good versus evil. This era was an age of cruel battles coupled with equally fierce honor and loyalty to rulers. He and all his glorious band of Geats thanked God that their leader had come back unharmed. The author is referring to the universal devotion expr...

Contradictory Impulses in Chopin’s The Awakening Essay -- Chopin Awake

Contradictory Impulses in Chopins The AwakeningEdna Pontellier could not have told why, deficiency to go to the beach with Robert, she should in the first place have declined, and in the second place have followed in obedience to one of the two impertinent impulses that impelled her.A certain light was beginning to dawn dimly within her,--the light which, showing the way, forbids it, (Chopin 34). The possibility of a life beyond the setting of motherhood, social custom, standards of femininity, and wifedom characterize Kate Chopins vision of her heroines awakening, but Ednas personal growth remains stifled by her inability to reconcile the unlike impulses pulling her in different directions. Edna clearly envisions herself somewhere between mother-goddess figure Adele Ratignolle and the artist-spinster Mademoiselle Reisz, yet can not seem to negotiate a piazza that affords the luxury of love unspoiled by self-sacrifice and obligation. Ednas soul surfaces when she allows herself t o act on impulse over duty, but as Chopins linguistic process reveal, Mrs. Pontellier blindly fol...

The Fear of Science :: Scientific Essays Papers

The Fear of Science My whole life I have loved science. The fact that people, mankind, has the ability to invent subjects that make our world better, easier, or dismantle worse off amazes me. I am absolutely astounded by science. Every single aspect of science is fascinating, from cancer research to the periodic circumvent of elements, all is so interesting. Why people abandon, reject or have no interest in science is a question that I propose. Is it because they rigorously do not care? Or maybe it is fear. Resistance to science is born of fear (Bishop 241). This quote by J. Michael Bishop is a great example of why the world often avoids science. I feel that science is something that people often take for granted. Science is very significant to me because it is my major. I want to be a nurse practitioner and that is based on anatomy and biology. These two sciences are based on the human luggage compartment, which is an amazing machine. Through science we have been adequate to(p) to learn more about our bodies. We now know how our bodies work, why they shut down and how to help when it does. The research done based on the human body has given us medicines to live longer and have a more fulfilling life. With the study of the human body we also know what is bad for us, like locoweed and drinking, and what is good for us, like exercise and a balanced diet. These things should be significant to everyone because without the knowledge, our lives would be shorter than they already are. Science has helped us in many ways. Along with study our bodies, it has provided insight on how the world and universe works. We know why volcanoes erupt and how earthquakes happen. This knowledge is helpful to us because we can prepare for natural disasters. Another thing that science has given to our society is technology. I feel that the two go hand in hand. From electricity to cell phones, all have been developed by science. Computers are also a part of our daily life and make things much easier for us. Our society does not appreciate science the way it should, rather it righteous raises the expectations of science. Yet despite these proud achievements, science today is increasingly mistrusted and under attack (Bishop 237). Bishops quote clearly shows that science is taken for granted.

Analysis of Aristotles The Politics Essay -- Aristotle Poetics Politi

An Analysis of Aristotles The PoliticsIn The Politics, Aristotle would have us believe that man by nature is a political animal. In other words, Aristotle seems to feel that the most inhering thing for men to do is to come together in virtually form of political association. He then contends that this political association is essential to the pursuit of the good life. Finally he attempts to distinguish what forms of political association are most suitable to the pursuit of this good life. In formulating a critique of The Politics, we shall first examine his claims as to what is natural to man and whether the criterion of the natural is sufficient to demonstrate virtue. We shall then examine what it is about political association that is essential to the pursuit of the good life. In conclusion, we shall see whether Aristotles recommended mix of oligarchy and democracy is unfeignedly suited to the practice of the good life. It seems to me that there is indeed something more natural to man than politics. While it is true that wherever you escort men you tend to find political associations, it is also true that not all human beings associations are political. Aristotle rightly points out the family is a basic form of association that is mostly apolitical. holiness brings people together, as does the economic desire to trade and pursue economic activity. None of these spheres of human activity can be said to necessitate politics. These spheres of human action however, are seemingly found wherever human beings can be found, hence they are more natural in the sense that they mechanically arise. Aristotles account of the formation of the state is pure historical rationalization. He says that the state is natural because it arises out of mor... ...r to preserve virtue in the face of rampant criminality than in times where individual virtue abounds in order to maintain stability and justice. The nature of politics is power over material things however, not virtu e. evaluator and virtue may be the professed functions and goals of politics, but this does not define what politics in fact are. A perplexing question however, is that of how the ideal constitution entrust be brought about when the virtuous have no interest in bringing it about precisely because virtue is defined by disinterestedness. Works CitedBarnes, Jonathan, ed. The clear Works of Aristotle. 2 vols. Princeton Princeton University Press, 1984Lord, Carnes. Aristotle The Politics. Chicago University of Chicago Press, 1984Nehamas, Alexander. Virtues of Authenticity Essays on Plato and Aristotle. Cambridge Cambridge University Press, 1999

Colonialism and Imperialism in Heart of Darkness Essay -- Heart Darkne

Imperialism Exposed in Conrads smell of vestige Conrads Heart of Darkness is, as Edward verbalise says, a story almost European acts of imperial mastery (1503)-its methods, and the effects it has on human nature-and it is presumable that Conrad incorporates much of his own experience in the congou and his opinions about imperialism into the story, as another recent critic also suggests he seems to approve of Marlow, the narrator (Achebe 1492). These revelations of the author ar conveyed to the reader through Marlows observations, descriptions, reactions, and statements. While Heart of Darkness is at times very critical of European imperialism, that criticism for the most part is directed at the false idealistic claims made about the enterprise and the inefficient and savage methods employed by the Belgians the book does not question imperialism when undertaken competently, particularly by the British. The opening discussion in Heart of Darkness between Marlow and his friends, i s about an idealistic imperialism of conquerors, especially English, who were bearers of a spark from the sacred fire-the fire of civilization (1428). Marlow once too had tingled with enthusiasm at the theory of imperialism, as his friends do during their recollection of the past, but that was before his experience in the Congo, where he uncovers the crudeness of the Belgians. Imperialism, to Marlow, is not alw... ...tional support he has for his country. Marlows idea that the English are capable of competently approaching imperialism has no supportive evidence. In any case, the savage and inefficient methods of the Belgians prove that the idealistic claims of European imperialism are far from true. In this, it is likely that Conrads experience in the Congo changed his outlook on imperialism, just as it did Marlow. Works Cited Barnet, Sylvan, et al. An Introduction to Literature. 11th ed. NY Longman, 1997. Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness. Barnet 1426. Achebe, Chinua. An Image of Africa Racism in Conrads Heart of Darkness. Barnet 1489. Said, Edward W. The Imperial Attitude. Barnet 1502.

Colonialism and Imperialism in Heart of Darkness Essay -- Heart Darkne

Imperialism Exposed in Conrads core group of unfairness Conrads Heart of Darkness is, as Edward say says, a story intimately European acts of imperial mastery (1503)-its methods, and the effects it has on human nature-and it is presumable that Conrad incorporates much of his own experience in the congou and his opinions about imperialism into the story, as another recent critic also suggests he seems to approve of Marlow, the narrator (Achebe 1492). These revelations of the author ar conveyed to the reader through Marlows observations, descriptions, reactions, and statements. While Heart of Darkness is at times very critical of European imperialism, that criticism for the most part is directed at the false idealistic claims made about the enterprise and the inefficient and savage methods employed by the Belgians the book does not question imperialism when undertaken competently, particularly by the British. The opening discussion in Heart of Darkness between Marlow and his frie nds, is about an idealistic imperialism of conquerors, especially English, who were bearers of a spark from the sacred fire-the fire of civilization (1428). Marlow once too had tingled with enthusiasm at the public opinion of imperialism, as his friends do during their recollection of the past, but that was before his experience in the Congo, where he uncovers the crudeness of the Belgians. Imperialism, to Marlow, is not alw... ...tional support he has for his country. Marlows idea that the English are capable of competently approaching imperialism has no supportive evidence. In any case, the savage and inefficient methods of the Belgians prove that the idealistic claims of European imperialism are far from true. In this, it is likely that Conrads experience in the Congo changed his outlook on imperialism, just as it did Marlow. Works Cited Barnet, Sylvan, et al. An Introduction to Literature. 11th ed. NY Longman, 1997. Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness. Barnet 1426. Achebe, Chinu a. An Image of Africa Racism in Conrads Heart of Darkness. Barnet 1489. Said, Edward W. The Imperial Attitude. Barnet 1502.

What Is a Human Person?

What Is Human Person? Essay What is a psyche? A seemingly simple question, however, once looked into, the cerebrations and presumptions that people have be filled with contradictions and controversies. Many people, religions, organisations, and governments have a differing opinion on what qualities an entity must possess to be a person, however, at that place are many similarities. Many religions, for example, believe a person, houses an immortal soul or spirit, capable of eternal life.There is also the question raised are kind organisms the only ones who merchantman be a person, can wolfs and machines also be, or become persons? Philosophers generally agree that there are several(prenominal) see characteristics that can be discussed concerning personhood. The characteristics are as follows A soul (or spirit), embodiment of the mental and physical (the question of the musical theme being separate to the body), the idea of beliefs and morals, rationality, self awareness, t he use of langu eon and meaning, self reflection (and imagination), and exploring what different societies and peoples, view as a full and whole person.Religions house some(prenominal) of the oldest beliefs and explanations of this world, and hold a key way to understanding the people of the past, as well as their ways of thinking and explanation. Whilst youthful science had proven a lot of spiritual beliefs (such as the origins and complexities of the of the universe) to be false, many people base their view of a person on that of their religions. For example, Christianity.The belief of the Christian Church is that every human being in born with a soul, this soul the dwells within them is unobservable, however, it is the immortal, personal link between themselves and God, connecting through prayer and reflection, and is believed that every person possesses this, thereby rendering a soul as a component of personhood. However, since the soul is unobservable, there is seemingly no way to tell whether or not a person has one, or if they exist at all.However, the Catholic Church also teaches that human beings were created in the image of God, consequently making every human a sacred being, and possessing a soul, their spiritual link between themselves and the divine. Therefore, a soul, spirit or equivalent is a required part of personhood to the spiritual or religious person. Another key point of relevancy is ones theme, the question of the sagacity and body, are they one thing, or do they exist separately from each other?The mind is the term often referring to the higher functions of the brain, the totally of conscious and unconscious mental activity that controls the way we think, feel judge, our intellect and consciousness, perception, emotion, memory, imagination et cetera. The mind resides within the brain, and is exchange to our being, it controls us, it is us. The brain is the one part of the body that humans have been unable to create via artificial means scientific progress has allowed the body to function apply artificial means, such as machines aiding, or sometimes in place of our internal organs.Given time, research and money, it is theoretically possible for the brain to function alfresco the body, through a machine (A body could almost be considered a machine, as the brain sends out electrical signals to control the rest of the body). In this sense, yes, the mind is a separate being to the body, able to function outside of the flesh when given an adequate beginning of power. The body, in a sense, is a battery, and output source for the mind, much like a gaming console and a game disc.The disc holds the functions, and the console executes them. The mind relies on the body to function, however they are ii different entities. This theory completely disregards the mortal body as being a part of personhood, or rather, everything but the brain and its processes. This raises the question of whether or not an animal or robo t (machine) can be a person. Following on from the previous paragraph, the idea that a persons mind can exist and function within a machine poses the question of a machine being a person in itself.As modern science has enabled virtually every part of the body (except the brain) to be reconstructed and function as a machine, it is not entirely implausible for science to make out as far as to reconstruct the brain through mechanics, the brain consciousness, activities and functions, electrical currents, being uploaded into the mechanical brain. The human mind, being present in the machine knows itself to be a person, observes itself as a person therefore classes itself as a person. It has the mind and processes of a person, therefore sees itself as a person.A vital part of personhood may in fact acknowledging oneself (and others) as people. In a Descartes like manner, I think I am a person, therefore I am a person. The ability to be able to reflect on ones self and being, an ability that only human beings possess, can be considered another trait of personhood. The humans ability to the reflect, sympathise and empathise with each other and other beings is something that is specific (as far as scientific progress has proved) to humans alone.From these stem the ideas of ethics and morality, which again branch off to the law of society behaviour. An animal, for example, will not stop preying on other animal because they see it as morally wrong, the animal sees the other simply as food, to eat. A human however, has a respect and value for life, thus why some people choose to become vegetarians. An animal does not process this, and continues to kill other animals to sustain nourishment. This respect for life, and others, has led to the creation of laws to maintain an orderly and richly functioning society.Society and laws have differing opinions on what a person can or cannot do. These vary country to country, even state to state. Age regulations and restrictions r estrict what a person of a certain age or ability can or cannot do. This may influence thinking that people of a certain age or ability are not full people, but underdeveloped, or not people. The subject of personhood is a difficult one, if one defines a person as having the qualities or w, x, y, and z, it is certainly possible for some animals to qualify as persons, or some people to not. owever, if one defines a person as a human being, then one has to then define a human being. The English language reinforces the theory of a human being the sole entity capable of personhood as the word person and human being are used interchangeably. Although modern secularism and the more traditional religious views have differing ideas, it all comes down to the individuals opinion. This also comes back to individual beliefs and truths, as well as the persons ability to think and reflect on a subject.If one believes a person has qualities x and y, then all things with these qualities are persons . If one believes a person is a human being, then human beings to them are persons. And argument could be made that the ability to think, reflect, argue and to form an opinion through observation, belief and personal values over what is a person makes one a person themselves, thereby making anyone agreeing or disagreeing with these examples a person.Bibliography. Law, Stephen, 2007. The Great Philosophers, Quercus Publishing Plc, London. Handouts from class What is a Human Person? Summary Notes Problems of Knowledge The Brain in the Vat The Weekend Australian Magazine January 30-31st, 2010 Can animals think? The Human Being Roman Catholic perspective Metaphysics Handout Handout with exerts from various stories I, Rodney Brooks, am a Robot, How Smart is the Octopus, Spanish Parliament Etc.

Cell Phones: The Good, The Bad, and The Ugly Essay

The prevalence of booth skirts in American culture shouldnt come as a lot of a surprise to anyone. Cell peal intent has risen in the United States from approximately 91,000 expenditurers in 1985 to 250,000,000 in 2007 and in 2009 was someplace in the neighborhood of 280,000,000, which means that approximately 90% of Americans own cubiclephone phones. And Americans bent the only ones. According to a February 2010 article on www.cbsnews.com, in that respect are approximately 4.6 billion cell phone subscriptions worldwide and that number is expected to surpass five billion by the end of the year. I had to wonder, what are the advantages and disadvantages of 90% of Americans (New York Times, May 13, 2010) and nearly 85% of the worlds population using cell phones?I figure there had to be quite a a few(prenominal) advantages for so many people to ease up cell phones, so I asked around. The number one answer I prepare was the convenience. Peoples ability to be reached at all clocks, able to reach others at all times, and how fast communication with others has become. Cant reach someone by phone? Send a text. Text messages are delivered almost instantaneously and theres no need to leave a message and wait for a call rachis anymore. Many others cited having a cell phone in case of emergency. According to Pew Internet, in 2006, 74% of cell phone users reported using their cell phones in emergency situations. While cell phone bills are usually not lower than landline bills alone, the long distance cost is significantly little for cell phone users.Long distance costs are included in the overall minute usage for most cell phone subscriptions, whereas many landline providers charge by the minute for long distance calls. As cell phone technology advances, so do the tools available to cell phone users. A growing number of users report using their phones for such(prenominal) things as listening to music, checking email, keeping their daily calendars, making gr ocery lists, and even keeping dock of daily calorie intake. (New York Times, May 13, 2010). There are many organizational tools available on the new generation of smart phones as well as many different navigational tools. GPS locators in phones are subscribed to by many parents of underage cell phone users.Cell phones can also be used as cameras and video recorders and those photos and videos are easily emailed to others oruploaded to sites such as Twitter and Facebook. Entertainment is even making the list of advantages to having a cell phone these days. As I mentioned previously, users can listen to music on their cell phones, entirely it doesnt stop there. Technology has advanced so much that users can now watch television shows and movies on their phones.So it seems I was correct just about how many advantages must be out there, except what about the downside? The very first thought I had was about the ban on cell phones in schools and what a huge disruption cell phones must be in the classroom. That issue is just part of the larger issue of the widespread distraction cell phones cause. Everywhere you go you see cell phones in use in the coffee shop, the movie theater, the grocery store, even church, and while driving. Going back to the cost of cell phones, while heavy long distance users whitethorn notice a relief in their long distance costs, cell phones are still on average much more expensive to forge than a landline. There are costs for air time usage, text message usage, broadband usage, music purchases, games purchases, and app purchases, not to mention the dreaded overage costs. around cell phone companies charge as much as sixty cents per minute for every minute of air time over your allotted plan. increase that to long contracts and hefty fees for cancelling contracts and cell phones become quite an expensive venture. The ever-increasing technology is adding to these costs as well. Newer, smarter phones released every few months are of cou rse attractive to users, but on top of the cost of upgrading phones on a regular basis is the added cost of the service providers data package. In order to employ these newer smart phones, the data package is a requirement and on average costs something like an additional $30 per month. Aside from financial impact, what about wellness impact? There seems to be quite a bit of worry over the radio frequency radiation given off by cell phones and cell phone towers. There is much argument about whether or not this sort of radiation is of any real concern, but according to www.controlyourimpact.com, there are many very serious health concerns to think about.There are reports that cell phone use can cause disturbances in cessation and concentration, fatigue, and headache. According to a BBC News report (www.news.bbc.co.uk), Cell phones damage key brain cells and could trigger the early onset of Alzheimers disease . . . Researchers have foundthat radiation from cell phone handsets damage s areas of the brain associated with learning, memory and movement. Reports linking cell phones to sterility in men, eye tissue damage, and increased chances of depression and cancer have also been published.In researching the negative effects of cell phones, I happened across some even more sinister effects. Take sexting the act of sending, receiving, or advancement sexually explicit messages, photos, or images via cell phone, computer, or other digital device. These messages, photos, and images are then often being further disseminated through email and internet-based cordial networking websites well beyond their original intended recipients. (www.mass.gov) There have been hundreds of reported cases of sexting a handful of those cases involving suicide and/or sex offense criminal charges such as child pornography in the cases involving high school students. According to www.msnbc.com, 39% of high schools students admit to sending these types of messages and 48% say theyve rec eived them. some other very dangerous habit Americans have developed is talking on their cell phone while driving. You have four times the risk of being in a crash if youre on the phone while driving. (www.myoptumhealth.com) Whats even scarier are the results of a Car and Driver Magazine think that found texting while driving is much worse than driving while intoxicated. The results of this study showed that unimpaired, it took the test driver .54 seconds to brake when indicated to do so. Add four feet to that time for legally drunk drivers, thirty six feet for drivers reading email and seventy feet for drivers reading a text. (http//www.cnbc.com/id/31545004/site/14081545). According to a report by the home(a) Safety Council, 28% of accidents involve talking or texting on cell phones.I couldnt help but notice that the risks seem to outweigh the benefits considerably, but I also admit that Im still addicted to my cell phone. There has been some state regulation of cell phone use wh ile driving, but there is little restriction of their use elsewhere and I think there needs to be much more, although, Im not certain how feasible that would be to accomplish. At any rate, we all make our own choices and we all need tomake smarter choices about our cell phone use.

Leadership and Ethics Paper

The painting entitled coach-and-four Carter have shown to a greater extent than just the simple fire on presenting leadership as a direction by which the situations argon treated by someone who is expert in a certain field of lede the people. As for this movie, the focus was on the way a coach was capable to face the challenges of aid his team see more than just winning the games.Coach Carter, an alumni and an MVP player of the basketball team of the Richmond High School, was able to recreate the motivation of his team players by giving a different approach to his young players. His lengthened thought of the future tense for his team players have particularly helped him in taking greater steps in making a assortment in his procedures of the assistance that he is giving them towards a certain future that would lead them to lives beyond what they have in the basketball courts.From this particular movie, it could be observed that leadership is certainly a detailor that brings definite change to groups and judicatures. The lessons that ar presented through this film certainly awakens the corporate leaders in becoming more aware of the fact that their responsibilities does not s inculpate involve them commanding and directing their people.The corporate world is certainly involving a number of great changes that are involving motivational procedures for the sake of the validational future as well as soulfulness development goals of the boldness. Through the pattern that has been shown through the movie Coach Carter, this particular piece shall be completed in an aim of presenting the possibility of creating effective changes within the organization through the effective map of leadership procedures to be able to ache the challenges of future needs for the corporation that the tell leaders are working for.The Role of Communication in LeadershipAs primarily shown in the movie Coach Carter, it could be observed that communication has been the key f actor that has mainly assisted the coach in making it possible for the whole team to run into the aspect that he is making them see. This is indeed also an important factor that needs considerateness in application for the sake of organizational growth. The act of ever communicating with the people around the environment that an individual deals with certainly places an impact on the ways by which the organizational members are able to relate to individually other with regards the plans, the procedures of the progressive overtures for the organization.Hence, from this point, it could be observed that there are at least five major points behind the importance of communication within organizational operations. The state points of communication are as follows(a)Communicating for the sake of passing informationThere is a need for constant passing of information especially for organizational members. The idea is that the regular way of people communicating with each other would in deed keep the organization unified and intact for the sake of continuous crimp of descent progress.(b)Communicating for organizational update on progressWhatever the company deals with, the members should know of all of them. This is for the sake of the establishment of trust among the employees as well as the organizations administration section. It is through the application of regular communication that the progress reports could be utilized to act the other members of the organization.(c) Communication for motivational purposesAs mentioned earlier, there is a specific need for the people of the organization to take specific steps in being able to perform well for the sake of organizations progress. To be able to come to a meeting point between the administrators and the employees, it is then necessary to take advantage of communication. Through the open line of communication that exists between the two said parties, it is then open that the changes could be given chances of being fulfilled as both sides of opinions are already able to relate to each others needs and expectations form the organization as well as form each other.(d) Communication for the sake of advancement as an organizationIt is necessary that there exists an open line of communication between all the people making up the organization because of the fact that very much of the progress procedures would rely on the ways that govern the ways by which the said people are able to connect with each other through speaking with each other. Their unity, their connection with each other towards progressive efforts relies on their capabilities to talk to each other and support each other through the use of communication.(e) Communication for the sake of implying lawTo be able to keep the whole organization at the right track, there is a necessity for the administration to imply the laws of communication channel within the operational engagements of the employees as this would particularly ident ify the limitations and the capabilities as well as the benefits that the company has further provided for the employees. Communicating to the employees on why the said set rules are necessary to be followed by the people working within the organization shall then shake off it easier for them to cope up with the organizations rules and consequently keep a clear track of the changes that they need to face as they are staying with the said organization.From the discussion of the five-point reasons of why communication in the act process of a particular organizations growth, it could be noted that the price that keeping the communication lines open pays is much essential for any organizational progress procedures. Constant attention given to the procedures of communication shall indeed bring forth fine results for the whole team or group that works their way on towards advancements.The five importance of communication certainly identifies one of the key roles of leaders then. In the movie Coach Carter, the coach never failed in helping his team understand why hes doing to them what they actually do. Hence, although they were not able to understand the reasoning that he presented to them as to why he aims to make them more motivated in learning their lessons as they are completely serious about their plays, they were able to take the gist of the methodologies he used to motivate them later on.The Constant Need for dislodgeIt is necessary that every organization take changes every now and then. The fact is that change is the primary reason why several organizations are able to spot the different aspects of possible progress that the organization could be undergoing in the near future. However, to be able to make change, a fine leader should be ready to face the challenges of the new venture that the organization tries to engage into.As based from the movie Coach Carter, it is indeed obvious that the change that he intended to make among his teams created proble ms with regards the reaction of the people. This particular situation in the movie actually presents the change that goes beyond the norms. Normally, people are not that open to change.However, through the use of transformational leadership, a person who aims to implicate the changes within the organization certainly is given a fine chance of showing that he can face the impending challenges that may hinder him from keeping up with the needed changes. It could be observed then that the leaders are indeed evaluate to have the capabilities of transforming the opinions of people to be able to coincide with the thoughts and the practices that they ought to imply within the organization.To be able to understand the situation better, it could be noted that the leaders are to have the necessary characteristics that they need to apply in dealing with the situations that they are usually faced with in their position as group motivators. There are necessary points that need to be considered in this particular situation. The said points are as follows(A)People-focused leadershipIt is necessary that leaders are able to take into retainer several strategies that are able to meet the needs of the people that they serve. Certainly, it could be noted that the responsibilities of the leaders are primarily people-centered. The profit and everything else comes in a subsidiary state as leadership is primarily created to be able to direct people towards the progressive state of the organization.(B)Ethical Based policingIt is always essential to carry into consideration the ethical measures of the procedures that are being adapted by organizational leaders. It is only through the ways by which the people are able to get the ecstasy that they need that the leadership of one particular person could be considered successful. Hence, the ethical standards that are set for business policing should constantly be observed by the business leaders as they are expected to have a closer obs ervation of the intensity of the application of ethics within the system of business operations.(C)Giving in-person assistance to people who are concerned in the changeEmpathy is one of the primary characteristics that fine leaders should posses. It is then necessary that the leaders of any organization have this particular attitude towards others especially when dealing with critical and complicated issues within the relational aspects of employees and the administration as well.(D)Personal Concern for the employees needs and expectationsThe individuals that make up an organization are people who have their own needs and expectations from the company. If one particular leader is able to know and thus provide that particular need, it is then possible to have a more personal-focused system within the organization that could lead to a more progressive future for the entire business.ConclusionThe movie of Coach Carter certainly redefines the responsibility and the normal approach of l eadership within several organizations in the society. The constant implication of the fact that leadership is a profession, a career that requires strength and courage in implementing necessary rules within certain organizational settings, has been actually presented within the plot of the said movie.Hence, this particularly means that the changes that organizations are required to meet every now and then requires an amply amount of patience and courage from the leaders. Aside from that, it also requires sturdiness when it comes to last making on the part of the leaders. The policy of what must be implemented must be implemented should always be carried on through by the leaders with an ample scaling of the ethical values that are involved within the situation.Yes, the fact that leadership is not an easy challenge that needs to be conscientiously met identifies the qualities and the attitudes that leaders or aspiring organizational head personnel should posses. Hence, a leader is then supposed to face the said challenges in well(p) courage and knowledge of the strategies that need to be applied in particular situations that they are to meet.ReferencesMaxwell, John C. (2001). Developing the leader within you. Thomas Nelson Publishers.Quinn, Robert E. (1996). Deep Change Discovering the Leader Within (Jossey-Bass Business & Management Series). Jossey-BassStephen R. Covey. (2006). The 8th Habit From Effectiveness to Greatness Miniature Edition. Running Press Book Publishers Miniature edition.The Coach Carter Movie. (2005). http//www.coachcarter.com/movie.htm. (June 9, 2

Protestant Reformation

Before his death at the Second Battle of Kappel (Capel) on October 1 1, 1531, at the age of 47, Zwingli had accomplished a great deal in the way of developing the theology of the growing Protestant faith. While Zwingli and Luther may have agreed on many points of the faith one field of honor of profound division was over the presence of Christs body in the colloquy. Luther held to the belief that when one partook of the bread and wine that, while the bread and wine did not neuter into the body and blood of Christ, the body and blood were present with them to nourish the believer. Zwingli, on the opposite hand firmly believed that that bread and the wine and the actions accompanying them in the Communion were strictly symbolic of a more spiritual reality. 6 According to Lindsay, the Fourth thesis at the Bern Disputation of 1 528 states that, it cannot be be from the Scripture that the Body and Blood of Christ are substantially and corporeally received in the Eucharist. 7 With t his, Zwingli would agree. While Zwingli was not willing to part ways on the whole with the Catholic Church in regards to infant baptism he was an ardent advocate of allowing the clergy to marry.In a meeting in which Zwingli had composed sixty-seven theses to be presented and debated he said, I know of no greater nor graver scandal than that which forbids lawful marriage to priests, and yet permits them on payment of money to have concubines and harlots. Fie for shame 8 thither were many area of disagreement between the Reformers and the established Church, such as who should rule and ake laws governing botn church and state. Zwingli upheld the right ot the state to make laws and govern faith but also allowed the people to rise up and rebel against the ruling parties if necessary.This was in great contrast to the stand taken by the Anabaptist in later years. Though changes were slow in coming and in many cases were hard won, major changes were taking place in regards to how the c hurch was to be governed, who was to receive the transfuse and bread, whether or not priests were allowed to marry, as well as many other theological issues. One group that came ab give away as a process of Zwinglis teachings, though they did ot feel that Zwingli had carried scripture or the reform of the church to its logical conclusion, was the Anabaptists.Though often referred to as rebaptizers due to their unwillingness to accept infant baptism or baptisms performed by the Catholic Church, they would re-baptize those individuals. The Anabaptists themselves did not believe they were re-baptizing people because they had not been scripturally baptized in the first place. 9 Wanting to restore the church to what they believed it was in the first century, adherents were more accurately restorationists than reformationists. Called Radical Reformers they were considered heretical and seditious by the Catholic Church as well as other Protestant groups for their rejection of the establis hed churches. Believing that all other faiths had corrupted the Word of God and the practices established in Scripture Anabaptists broke from fellowship with other believers. One of the main forces of the Anabaptist movement was Thomas Muntzer. He wrote few(prenominal) scathing attacks against Luther, in one tract calling Luther, the unspiritual soft-living flesh in Wittenberg, whose robbery and distortion of Scripture has so grievously polluted our wretched Christian Church. In he same tract he called Luther Father Pussyfoot, Dr. Liar and the Pope of Wittenberg. 11 thus reinforcing the discontent and separation between the Anabaptists and other groups of Protestants. transplant was occurring over many parts of Europe. Men like Luther, Calvin, and Zwingli were attempting to right what they believed were the wrongs and atrocities being forced on the people by a corrupt Church and nation. The Catholic Church and the Emperors or kings throughout the time of the Reformation continue d to resist the teaching of reformed theology, even to the point of executing those who would not recant their unsufferable views.Occasionally meetings (Diets) were called in an attempt to resolve many of the issues between the established church, the king , and the reformers. In response to Luthers posting of his 95 theses, in which he publically challenged and correct many of the practices of the Catholic Church, on the door of Wittenberg church, a papal bull was issued excommunicating Luther from the Catholic Church. Luther publically burned the papal bull on a bonfire, in essence defying the authority of the Pope himself. A diet was called by Emperor Charles V.Held, April 16- May 25, 1521 in Worms, Germany it was intended to determine if Luther was a heretic. Luther was under the impression that it was a hearing to discuss or debate his beliefs, to his surprise he was presented some of his writings and command to recant. In Luthers response that he could not unless he was con vinced(p) that he was wrong. One result of this Diet was the issuing of the Edict of Worms, which condemned Luther as a, heretic and an outlaw, and commanded that he be arrested and his books burned. 2 While Luther struggled in the tight tor the justness in Germany, Zwingli was having more success in Zurich. In the first of four meetings, known as the Zurich Disputation in 529, Zwingli presented his 67 theses which condemned many of limitations and practices of the clergy. He believed that the sensitives was its own authority and the Church did not give it power and truth. Jesus was the one and only way to get to God the Father, the Pope did not be possessed of ultimate power over all spiritual matters, and works cannot achieve merit, for salvation, through their good works. 3 His writings were well received and the Council would put into practices some of his recommendations. Other notable events, though there are many, would be the Augsburg Confession, and The St. Bartholomews Day Massacre on August 24, 1572. The first was written by Melanchthon, which laid out the fundamental beliefs of faith for the reformers. Presented at the Diet of Augsburg in 1530 it was rejected by the Catholic emperor but adopted by the Lutheran church as their foundational document of faith. 14 St.Bartholomews massacre was an attempt by Catherine de Medici to cover up an assassination of Admiral Coligny by Catherine and the Duke of Guise. Fearful that an investigation would reveal her part in the plan and that the Huguenots increasing violence, she ordered a massacre of the Huguenots gathered in Paris at the time. 15 Before the conflict was over thousands of Huguenots had been murdered or died from starvation. As has already been mentioned, some of the more well known writings of the reformation include the sixty-seven theses by Zwingli.https//global.oup.com/academic/product/zwingli-9780198263630?cc=ua&lang=en&https//books.google.com/https//www.liberty.edu/online/Protestant Refo rmationThe Protestant Reformation was considered as the ultimate revolutionary incident in the 16th century. This was the period when the Church occupied the seat of power. Because of the commanding control over their constituents and their questionable practices, many people became discounted with the situation. As a consequence, they were forced to choose between the traditional Catholic Church or the new concept of Protestant Reformation. Their dissatisfaction was rooted from many flaws of the Church.First, the Church focused on the conduct of rituals which many perceived as an evasion from the Churchs original objective of portion their devotees to attain personal salvation. The Church sacraments became highly ritualized that they were no longer connected with the Europeans. Its meaning and significance have become senseless. Another major reason that induce the Protestant Reformation was the dispossession of the spiritual influence of the Church officials over their people wh ich was caused by the manifestation of secularization.More criticisms commenced when popes and other high church officials change a king-like lifestyle wherein they lived in luxurious houses and palaces. More so, because of the acquired fortune of the Church, it instigated numerous forms of abuses which was unfortunately executed by representatives of the Church. As a result from all of these, many people have been driven to initiate changes in the doctrines and rituals of the Catholic Church( Kreis, 2006, Protestant Reformation).During the reformation, one man was bold enough to reveal the truth closely the misconducts of the Church, he was Martin Luther. His incessant struggle to tell the truth amid constant intimidations and threat from the Church gave him leverage in gaining the interest and trust of the people. Also, he was able to benefit on the brewing discontent of the Europeans that made it more difficult for the Church to manage and to put a stop on the dissension of th e people (cited in everythingimportant. org, What started the Protestant Reformation? ).

Advocacy Campaign for Child Welfare

CHAPTER ONE SITUATION ANALYIS To be qualified to come up with a good baby bird welf are protagonism, the radical assessed the external and internal situation. This chapter evaluates the situations and trends in a particular protagonism. It provides the assureation needed for planning. Background of Child improvement Child welfare is a government- run service for protecting children and young volume who are underage which are still vulnerable to ab drills like commercial sexual exploitation, trafficking, child labor, and harmful traditional practice.It is estimated that in our country, about 100,000 children die from to each one one year from preventable diseases, more(prenominal) than 2 million school age children are not studying, there were likewise upwards of 2 million working children and that street children number about 200,000 in 57 cities. UNICEF figures out the number of sexually prostituted children at around 60,000. There are many organizations here in the Phil ippines that promote child welfare that has one common goal which is to supporter many children, especially children who are homeless and had been abandoned by their love ones.According to presidential Decree No. 663 dated December 10, 1974 regarding the Child and Youth Welfare Code Art. 3. Right of the Child clearly states that All children shall be entitled to the rights herein set forth without distinction as to legitimacy or illegitimacy, sex, social status, religion, political, antecedents, and other factors. (1) Every child is endowed with the dignity and worth of a human race being from the moment of his conception, as generally accepted in medical parlance, and has, therefore, the right to be born well. 2) Every child has the right to a nutritious family life that result provide him with love, armorial bearing and understanding, guidance and counseling, and moral and material security. The dependent or abandoned child shall be provided with the nearest substitute for a home. (3) Every child has the right to a well-rounded development of his personality to the end that he may become a happy, useful and active share of society. The gifted child shall be shitn opportunity and encouragement to develop his special talents.The emotionally disturbed or socially malad provideded child shall be treated with sympathy and understanding, and shall be entitled to treatment and competent care. The physiologically or mentally handicapped child shall be given the treatment, education and care required by his particular condition. (4) Every child has the right to a balanced diet, adequate clothing, sufficient shelter, proper medical attention, and all the basic physical requirements of a healthy and vigorous life. 5) Every child has the right to be brought up in an atmosphere of morality and rectitude for the enrichment and the strengthening of his character. (6) Every child has the right to an education commensurate with his abilities and to the development of his skills for the improvement of his capacity for service to himself and to his fellowmen. (7) Every child has the right to full opportunities for safe and whole somewhat recreation and activities, single(a) as well as social, for the wholesome use of his leisure hours. 8) Every child has the right to protection against exploitation, improper influences, hazards, and other conditions or circumstances damaging to his physical, mental, emotional, social and moral development. (9) Every child has the right to live in a community and a society that can offer him an environment palliate from pernicious influences and conducive to the promotion of his health and the cultivation of his desirable traits and attributes. (10) Every child has the right to the care, assistance, and protection of the State, particularly when his parents or guardians fail or are unable to rovide him with his fundamental needs for growth, development, and improvement. (11) Every child has the right to an effi cient and honest government that will deepen his faith in democracy and animise him with the morality of the constituted authorities both in their public and private lives. (12) Every child has the right to grow up as a disengage individual, in an atmosphere of peace, understanding, tolerance, and universal brotherhood, and with the determination to contribute his share in the building of a better world.The Helping Juans free radical would like to market our protagonism and in like manner to contribute in giving awareness to everyone about child welfare especially the parents simply because we would like to educate them regarding concerns about the welfare of each and every ones children, meaning, we love our children and they should be provided with all the support, either physically, financially, emotionally, spiritually, and morally.Every child has their own rights and every one of them need to be treated in a right style. But the child welfare in the Philippines is not give n that much attention because the kind of governance we contain now is frustrate and cannot be dependable all the times because of countless worrys that our country is facing and it is sad to say that number of street children are increasing.But if our government will just bring out up for all their mistakes and give more attention to our real problems especially the deficiency of funds on every department including DSWD (Department of Social Welfare and Development), it would be a great relief to everybody especially those children who are in an orphan who had been abandoned and just relying to their orphanage. CHAPTER TWO ADVOCACY CAMPAIGN Christmas for Little Juans is an advocacy bowel movement introduced by Helping Juans, a group composed of nine members from MA101.We made this group for us to help abandoned children even with just naive things, like feeding them, giving them gifts and showing them love especially to this kind of season. These children are often working i n very difficult circumstances without seemly food to eat and decent place to sleep. The street is their only home. Our advocacy campaign is to raise awareness about these children. We want them to be recognized and at the same time to be cared and sheltered. It is our organizations ultimate goal in raising awareness about these kids and too in gathering support for the welfare and benefit of street children in Manila.We are volunteer based and believe that the money our donors give should be used wisely and efficiently as possible. The hind end participants for our advocacy campaign were the Asia peace-loving College community particularly the students of APC. But that doesnt mean that the campaign is limited only to these hoi polloi, but instead, they are just mainly the market. APCians, unneurotic with the faculty and staff, were encouraged to join to help the group gain funds for their advocacy campaign and help their beneficiary tooshie.These participants didnt regret he lping the campaign but instead touched their hearts and realized how important helping the needy people is. The group did not just help others but as well helped themselves because by helping other people to the best of their ability, they automatically helped themselves. Helping Juans believed that it is their groups as well as the entire mankinds obligation to make sure these kids get proper place to live, proper education and proper treatment, so that they can appreciate their lives and look towards the brighter side and maybe, someday they can also make an impact in this world.CHAPTER THREE PARTNER ORGANIZATION The My Fathers House (MFH) is a licensed, nonprofit child caring organization inspection and repair the abandoned, neglected and orphaned children. This organization aims to introduce each child to Jesus Christ with the hope that they come to know Him as Lord and Saviour of their lives by nub of the promotion of discipline and obedience under Gods love and principle, provide programs and services to develop self sufficiency and independency, place children in engaging stable Christian homes for their protection and security, and implement holistic programs that will empower children and youth.The organization has a total of 64 students, 10 of which are youth student under the Independent Living Program. Others were declared abandoned and voluntarily surrendered by parents. They train these children to observe respect and politeness on their behavior and it is observed that the children pee become more accepting of one other and of the authority that the adults consent over them. They also implement behavior modification strategies so they would become more open to caregivers and social workers. Children are being adopted by Filipino, American, Spanish and Finnish families.They are open to people who are willing to help and give hands to the children. They prefer clothes, school supplies and food for the children. MFH is located at 135 Ramon a Tirona corner Sison St. , BF East Phasi VI, Las Pinas, their location is inside the subdivision and it has a high security which they can have the assurance of the childrens safety. They have places for children to sleep, eat, study and play. They have 3 bed rooms, one room for girls, one room for boys from 5-12 and another for teenagers.They have a kitchen which serves good food and they eat as a family. They have a separate building for studying and well trained teachers for them. They have court, play ground and a pool for the children to enjoy. MFH has several partners like Benny Hinn Ministries and Partners, Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD), Inter-Country Adoption Board (ICAB), Association of Child-Caring Agencies in the Philippines (ACCAP), KRAFT Philippines, and Wide Horizons for Children, etc. CHAPTER FOUR OBJECTIVES General Objectives To be able to raise child welfare awareness in the Asia Pacific College community effectively * To inculcate to the min ds of the people the essence of child welfare * To build up empathy for these children * To let the orphans experience Gods loving touch by share-out food, gifts and clothing * To share love and care during the Christmas season CHAPTER FIVE INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS STRATEGIES The group planned to promote Christmas for Little Juans through scratch ads and through the use of social networking sites such as Twitter and Facebook.It was found to be more effective as the target market of this advocacy campaign, the Asia Pacific College community is usually inclined with these media, so the relay of the message of Christmas for Little Juans is effective and efficient. A. Viral Marketing Viral Marketing was executed through the use of Facebook. The group has created a fanpage, Christmas for Little Juans, so that they will be able to disseminate announcements and updates easily. Aside from that, it also helped them also be easy to get feedbacks from its participants. B. Advertisi ngPrint advertisements were produced so that it will be posted in the bulletin boards. By doing this so, the APC community was able to be aware of that the group campaigns for. C. Public Relation The group built a good relation with their sponsor companies and because of this, these companies helped them fund the advocacy. In addition, they have also talked and discussed to some professors their advocacy campaign. In return, some professors allowed their students to attend the activities the group has prepared. D. Selling The group sold ballers to introduce the campaign to their target market.These items were sold through the micro blogging sites, Facebook and Twitter to minimize be since selling these items in the cafeteria costs a lot because the group must pay additional expenditure for occupying a space in the caf. On the other hand, they also held a assume showing at room 415. * Ballers The group saw the trend of wearing ballers in school so they have thought of selling this item for a cause. In a baller is a statement that says, I support Child Welfare. It was a good way of introducing the campaign since it spoke for what the group campaigns for.The group was able to get it for P35 each and was also able to sell it for P60, making a profit of P25 per baller. * Sponsorships The group sent letters of sponsorships to fund other activities. * Film presentation The group rented Room 415 for pick out showing. A person will be charged P50 for a movie as an entrance fee. But then, he/she will enjoy free unlimited snacks while watching. b. Culminating body process * The group wanted to have a culminating activity that will not only benefit the foundation but also give their audience something in return.Theyve came up hand stamps for their culminating activity. APCians were gathered at the cafeteria to post their hand paints on a long cloth. A registration fee of P20 is charged. They got a free button pin that says, I SUPPORT CHILD WELFARE. Its not only the button pins that they got, but also the extraordinary feeling of supporting a campaign. CHAPTER SIX TIME TABLE CHAPTER SEVEN EVALUATION A. Audience Response a) Advocacy Our advocacy campaign was to inform not only students and professors but everyone to be aware of todays children welfare.Nowadays, almost everybody is aware of the poverty of our country is experiencing and one major problem is the lack support of the society to the children on the streets. Our Advocacy targets to influence everyone to be aware of what is going on to these children. Implementing our campaign, we expound the knowledge of our audience of what our advocacy really means and how they could help. The audience responded in a manner that we did not expect. They have been aware of todays children in our society and as part of their response, knowing that this could help the welfare they did not hesitate to support every event we shared.They let our campaign sink in not only in their minds but also with their heart to show their care for these children. No doubt that our campaign achieved not only its proposed objectives but we also hit the hearts of every audience who cares for the children. b) Culminating Activity The title of our culminating activity is High-Five For A Cause. People wondered what we meant by that, even the audio visual presentation is not enough for them. Due to our creative way of dragging their attention, they started to get curious on our boothso they went to our area and checked things out.As we explained things to them, we received different types of expression for some it is just a desert of time and money, but for others they appreciated our concern to the orphan. Now, P20 is not much of a pain in the pocket that is why all we have to do is charm them without too much effort. In addition to this, once they already put their handpaint on the wall they received a button pin meaning that they support our campaign. Because of this, registration fee was actually a good deal for those who participated. Most of the reactions we got are either a ready to participate gesture or impatient to get out of that place.As we execute our activity, we observed that people who have seen our campaign is just a waste of money and time for some, like what we have mentioned before. Moreover, some think that putting paint in their hands is a hassle on their part, thinking maybe the paint we use is hard to get unloose off. However, for those who were interested, we observed that as they put their handpaintings on the wall it is more likely a fun thing to do for them knowing that something was unique and it was for a cause. B. figure Utilization Disbursement of Funds for Christmas Party Funds from SponsorshipsFunds from Fund Raising Activities CHAPTER NINE RECOMMENDATIONS For our fund raising Film Showing we could have prepared more chips and more movies to watch. First, the information was not disseminated properly. It was two days before the showing when t he group has announced the activity. So thats why, the group didnt reach their target number of viewers, and that, the participants were so little. They should have posted the print ads ahead of time so that participants were able to be aware of it. There had been a technical problem with the movieit was skipping a scene so they had to change the movie.But good thing, the audience still liked the movie and still watched it till the end. The group could have elect a bigger space like the auditorium but unfortunately they could not afford it. So we decided to hold our event in room 415 which was genial to other students who have classes so they can easily go to our event after their class. But the group was happy that there are more people who participated and enjoyed their event. Lastly, the film showing could have been a achiever if the time was extended. Most of the people who bought tickets have classes from 1245-230.It could have been better if the group extended the film up to 5pm. The advocacy campaign, Hi-Five for a Cause. which was held at the APC cafeteria was a success. You could see that every student who would pass by the booth would notice andsupport the culminating activity. Although, we urge that the culminating activity should have been widely spread and advertised more so that more people would be able to support. The event lacked noises to advertise the activity. The group could have put up big advertisements like posters and give away fliers earlier.Some of the supporters were not really aware on what they are doing and some of the group members cant explain them soundly because of more people coming to their booth but Helping Juans gave them fliers which tell what the advocacy campaign all about. But overall, the culminating activity that we organized was a success for us. CHAPTER TEN DOCUMENTATIONS Unlimited chips for film showing Registration Film viewing Hi-Five For A Cause They support Child Welfare. Almost a hundred support our cam paign. Ballers P60 each

National Symbols of India Essay

follow by the Government of India from the Sarnath Lion, Capital of Ashoka, on January 26, 1950. wholly three lions visible, the fourth being hidden from view. The wheel appears in relief in the centre of the abacus with a bull on the right and a sawbuck on the left. The bell-shaped lotus has been omitted. The words Satyameva Jayate meaning Truth alone triumphs, are inscribed below the Emblem in Devnagari script. guinea pig FlagAdopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on July 22, 1947. The content Flag of India is a horizontal tri colour of deep saffron (Kesari), white and dark green in equal proportion. According to Dr. S. Radhakrishnan, the saffron colour represents the spirit of renunciation, the white tie stands for truth and purity and the green colour signifies growth. In the centre of white band there is a wheel in navy blue to represent the Chakra. It has 24 spokes. The ratio of the continuance and the breadth of the flag is 3 2. National anthemRavindra Nath Tago res song, Jana-gana-maru C was adopted as the National Anthem of India on January 24, 1950. The song was get-go c only on December 27, 1911 during the Indian National sexual relation Session at Calcutta. The complete song consists of five stanzas but the archetypal stanza constitutes the full version of the National Anthem. The playing time of the full version of the National Xfrthem is about 52 seconds. However, a shorter version mpressing the first and last lines of the stanza, which has a playing time of about 20 seconds, is played on some occasions. It reads Jana-gana-mana-adhinayaka, jaya he Bharat-bhagya-vidhata Punjab-Sindh-Gujarat, Maratha Dravida- Utkala-Banga Vindhya-Himachal- Yamuna- Ganga Uchhala-jaladhi-taranga. Tava shubha name jage, Tava shubha asisa manage, Gahe tava jaya gatha, Jana-gana-mangala-dayaka, jaya he Bharat bhagya vidhata. Jaya he, jaya he, jaya he, jaya jaya jaya jaya he National SongBankim Chandra Chatterjees Vande Matram, which was a great source of inspiration to the people in their struggle for freedom. It was first sungat 1896 Session of the Indian National Congress. Vande MataramSujalam, suphalam, malayaja shitalam, Sashya shyamalam, Mataram Shubhrajyothsna, Pulakitayaminim, Phullakusumita drumadala shobhinim, Suhasinim sumadhura bhashinim, Sukhadam, varadam, Mataram National CalenderA uniform National Calendar based on the Saka era with Chaitra as its first month and a normal year of 365 days was adopted from 22nd March, 1957 along with the Gregorian Calendar for the following official purposes (i) The Gazette of India (ii) News broadcasts by All India Radio (ii) Calenders issued by the Government of India, and (iv) Government communications addressed to members of the public. The dates of the National Calender have a permanent correspondence with the dates of the Gregoian Calendar 1 Chaitrafalls on 22nd March normally and on 21st March in a leap year. Months of National Calendar 1. Chaitra 2. Vaishakh 3. Jaishta 4. d ha 5 Shravan 6. Bhadra 7. Ashvina 8. Kartika 9. Margashirsha fn Pausha 11. Magha 12. Phalguna. National Bird of India Peacock.National Flower of India Lotus.NationafAnimal of India On November 18, 1972, Tiger was declared the national animal by the Wild Life Board of India. National Highways The total length of National Highways 70,548 km. There are about 77 roads classified as national highways in India. Twelve of the important highways are Agra Mumbai, Delhi Amritsar, Jalandhar Srinagar Uri, Delhi __ Ahmedabad Mumbai, Chandigarh Manali, Ambala Shimla Tibet, Jorhat Shillong Bangladesh, Delhi Kolkata, Manali Leh, Pathankot Mandi, Kochi Madurai, Beawar Sirohi Kandla. Mumbai Pune ExpressWay The first phase of Mumbai-Pune expressway was thrown open to traffic on May, 2000. Xanguages recognised in the Indian Constitution Assamese Bengali Gujarati Hindi Kannada Kashmiri Konkani Malayalam Manipuri Marathi Nepalese Oriya Punjabi Sanskrit Sindhi Tamil Telugu and Urdu.In 2 003, four more languages, were added Bodo, Dogri, Maithaili and Santhali. (92nd Amendment) Official Language The Constitution ordained Hindi in the Devanagari Script as the common language for all over India and Arabicnumerals as the common numbers. English was to be retained as an official language until 1963, when it was to be replaced by Hindi completely. Rupee Joins elite Currency Club July 15, 2010 turned out to be a historical day, as the Indian Rupee got the much awaited symbol, just like separate leading currencies of the world Viz-Dollar, Euro Pound Sterling and the Yen. The new symbol is an amalgamation of Devanagari Ra, and the Roman R, without the stem. Till now, the rupee was written in discordant abbreviated forms in different languages.

Business Policy

UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND, DUBLIN MASTER OF SCIENCE (SINGAPORE) Business Policy BMGT 4025S STUDY GUIDE MSc14/15 FT / capital of Singapore Copyright October 2012 1 Author Dr Yousef Eiadat and Dr Richard Tan (2012) This manual was prepargond for University College Dublin as a comprehensive support for students end the above mentioned Degree programme. This consequence may not be reproduced, in whole or in part without permission in from University College Dublin. mental faculty Co-ordinator Dr Yousef Eiadat & Dr Richard Tan Contact inside in formattingion industrious TBA Office TBA Email emailprotected om. sg 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE Welcome message 1. INTRODUCTION a. Background details b. Module aims 2. MODULE OUTLINE a. Module discipline outcomes b. Themes and fields c. Learning supports 3. MODULE DELIVERY SCHEDULE a. Session arrangements b. Student acceptment c. Office hours arrangements 4. ASSESSMENT DETAILS a. identifications b. Module min d functions i. Pre module appointment ii. Group project iii. examination 5. GRADING a. University grading policy b. Grade descriptors for assessment components 6. last COMMENTS APPENDICES 5 6 10 12 16 19 21 3Welcome message Welcome to this unit on Business Policy. Dr Yousef Eiadat pull up stakes be joining me in teaching this course. In this unit we aim to pass on skills in Strategic planning the digest behind strategic decisions, the crafting of strategies and the implementation of them to ensure organisational success. Strategy involves managing the interface between an administration and its external surroundings. To this end, the first tercet egresss develop skills in strategic analysis, leading to consideration of the positioning of an organisation in its strategic environment.These cover internal and external analysis, and the options in setting strategic direction. This analysis is sarcastic to successful dodge because success depends upon finding the right fit b etween the strengths and weaknesses of the internal startings of the organisation and the opportunities and threats in the external environment. We ordain spend time ensuring that you can apply the main tools and techniques to the real world situation outlined cases. Should you require clarification on any matter pertaining to the module, enrapture do not hesitate to contact me.Dr Yousef Eiadat Dr. Richard Tan Module coordinator, BMGT4008S 4 take leave 1 INTRODUCTION This Study Guide is intentional to provide you with details of the module (Business Policy, BMGT4025S), the learning outcomes, delivery and assessment arrangements. The Study Guide consists of 6 parts Part 1 gives background details to the subject argona ar provided and the broad aims of the module are set out. Part 2 consists of the module outline. In this part the (a) module learning outcomes, (b) the themes and topics to be explored are explained along with the (c) learning supports to be used.Part 3 gives deta ils of the module delivery arrangements. It sets out the session arrangements and the expectations in relation to your prior preparation and student engagement. Part 4 provides details of the assessment techniques used in this module explaining the assessment components, their rationale. Part 5 explains the UCD grading policy and grade descriptors drawing on the university document are prone for each assessment component (i) Pre-module concession, (ii) of import Assignment and (iii) tryout (closed book). Part 6 presents the concluding comments. a.Background to the Topic Strategic management is predominantly focused on creating effectiveness it is concerned with the long-term compatibility between an organisation and its pertinent external environment. Good strategies also create organizational flexibility. Managing the interface between the external environment and the organisation requires it to become flexible enough to respond to environmental changes. Strategic mistakes co me from misinterpreting environmental trends or not reacting rapidly enough to changed industry conditions. The intimacy has a dramatic impact on a firms success. b.Module Aims The aim of this module is to provide students with an overview of the theory and practice of strategic management. The module is designed to deepen your awareness and 5 understanding of the factors that contribute to effective management of enterprises large and sm all. The theory underpinning the firm and MNE is assessed and students are encouraged to develop an ability to critically evaluate its applicability in todays world. Among the topics covered on this course include Theory and practice of business management. Theoretical developments are also evaluated for their relevance for the world bulky manager.Key management issues and techniques related to business competitoryness. This includes varies variables that influence a firms competitiveness, role of culture, sourcing, doing business in special r egions in Pacific Rim and so forth The module draws on the students prior learning and work experience, and combines insights from IB, Human Resource Management and other areas. The assessments vex been designed with this in theme as detailed later in the study guide. PART 2 MODULE OUTLINE Module Title Business Policy Module law BMGT 4025S No. of ECTS 10 ECTS Learning Outcomes I.Undertake environment scanning processes and critically assess the impact on the organisation and their strategy. II. Identify and critically assess the significance of cultural issues on business and to critical evaluate the leave strategies to gain maximum competitive advantage. III. Critically assess the theoretical underpinnings of principal fantasys, frameworks, and techniques of strategic management and disembowel the variety of factors that influence a firms success. IV. Explain the strategic options available to firms in growth strategies and analyse the forces that affecting this decision.V. Identify emerging issues in management. On completing the Business Policy module, students bequeath be expected to be able to i. Assess the potential of different strategies in the context of different cultures, risks and uncertainties. 6 ii. iii. iv. enlarge on the complexities of Business. Identify business issues confronting companies planning to expand internationally. Illustrate how companies compete in markets. Module Text Jones, G. R. , Hill, C. W. L. (2011), Theory of Strategic Management with Cases, International Edition, tenth Edn. Cengage.Learning Materials For this module, please read the designate chapters in the prescribed text and the assentingal readings assigned (see list below). I. Hanson, D. , Dowling, P. , Hitt, M. , Ireland, D. , and Hoskisson R. , (2011), The Management of Strategy Concepts, 9th edn, Thomson Learning. II. Brooks, J. Weatherston and G. Wilkinson, (2011), The International Business Environment Challenges and Changes, 2e former(a) useful sourc es I. Academy of Management ledger II. Strategic Management Journal III. Journal of Marketing IV. European Journal of Marketing V. The Wall Street Journal VI.The fiscal Times Students completing the International Business module are expected to participate in session discussions and learning activities and be familiar with novel developments in the business world. To facilitate this, the following source cloth is useful 1. The Economist 2. The South China Morning Post 3. The Straits Times 4. The Financial Times 5. Business Week 7 6. Fortune PART 3 MODULE DELIVERY SCHEDULE The module delivery relies on students ability to engage in prior preparation, to seek confirmation and clarification as appropriate and to be actively engaged during the sessions.Session Arrangements Each student is expected to attend and be prepared for all sessions. Table 1 below outlines the structure for the sessions. Table 1 Module Delivery Schedule themes, readings, cases No. Theme /Topic name Text chap ters articles/ Readings* Case / exercise TBA in lecture 1 1 Strategic Leadership Managing the Strategy-Making Process for Competitive Advantage. Chap. 1 Dr Yousef Eiadat 2 External epitome The Identification of Opportunities and Threats. Chap. 2 Dr Yousef Eiadat 3 Internal Analysis Distinctive Competencies, Competitive Advantage, and Profitability.Chap. 3 Dr Yousef Eiadat 4 Building Competitive Advantage Through Functional-Level Strategy. Chap. 4 Dr Yousef Eiadat 5 Building Competitive Advantage Through Business-Level Strategy. Chap. 5 Dr Yousef Eiadat 6 Business-Level Strategy and the Industry Environment. Chap. 6 Dr Yousef Eiadat 8 7 Strategy and Technology. Chap. 7 Dr Richard Tan 8 Strategy in the Global Environment. Chap. 8 Dr Richard Tan 9 Corporate-Level Strategy Horizontal Integration, Vertical Integration, and Strategic Outsourcing. Chap. 9 Dr Richard Tan 10 Case innovation/discussionTBA Dr Richard Tan 11 Corporate-Level Strategy Formulating and Implementing Related and Un related Diversification. Chap. 10 Dr Richard Tan 12 Corporate Performance, Governance, and Business Ethics. Chap. 11 Dr Richard Tan 13 Implementing Strategy in Companies that Compete in a Single Industry. Chap. 12 Dr Richard Tan 14 Implementing Strategy in Companies that Compete Across Industries and Countries. Chap. 13 Dr Richard Tan 15 Exam revision Dr Richard Tan 16 * Some chapters in the text are assigned for more than one theme. 9Preparation Required in Advance of Sessions / Seminars In addition to the pre-course assignment, you are expected to have read the following topics in advance of meeting the module coordinator / course lecturer at the seminars. Student Engagement During the sessions, students are expected to be able to discuss issues arising from the assigned chapters and readings for the topics as scheduled above. Session participation is a vital element in the design of this module. Therefore, all students are expected to engage in class discussion and debate in orde r to facilitate the formation of their critical judgements.To support your learning, Power-Point slides will be available which (on certain occasions) may need to be up evaluate / modified during or following the sessions depending on the issues raised. Office Hours We will be available in the beginning and later each class session, should you wish to meet us individually to discuss any aspect of this module. PART 4 ASSESSMENT DETAILS Assessment is undertaken to feed the extent of student learning on completing a module and according to Biggs and Tang1 (2009) it is the senior partner of teaching and learning.This module has three assessment components with specific weightings and marks awarded totalling 1002. The purpose of each assessment is as follows Assessment 1 (the Pre-Course Assignment) aims to introduce and appraise International marketing in the world setting. It is also designed to focus your learning in preparation for the face to face sessions. Assessment 2 (Assignme nt) is designed to critically appraise issues in Business policy, International strategy and formulate strategies. Biggs, J. and Tang, C. 2009, Teaching for Quality Learning at University, Maidenhead Open University/McGraw Hill. As the Overseas Programme modules are worth 10 ECTS they should be graded out of 200 marks. 1 10 Assessment 3 (Examination) is the formal examination, which aims to get insights on your understanding of issues (theory and practice) addressed in the module. Students are expected to deal all assignments ensuring that they are submitted by the specified date. All submissions must be typed, be salubrious laid out, written in an academic style with appropriate headings (introduction, main part and concluding comments) and sections. recreate ensure that all submissions are entirely your own work for UCDs policy on plagiarism click on the link below (please see Appendix 2 for further discipline on Plagiarism and the policy on the Late Submission of Coursework) http//www. ucd. ie/ cash register/academicsecretariat/plag_pol_proc. pdf The weighting assigned for each component is shown in Table 2a below. (* I = Individual G = Group) Table 2a Assessment Components Assessment components 1. Pre-module Assignment 2. Assignment 3. Examination Weighting 10% 40% 50% I / G* I I I Table 2b Assessment datelines Assignment Deadlines Pre Course Assignment (PCA) Main Assignment (MA)Date Assignment Due 29 Oct 2012 30 Nov 2012 11 Module Assessment Components In the following scallywags, further details of each assessment component are presented along with expectations in relation to prior preparation and completion. 1. Pre-Module Assignment Assignment Case analysis This assignment is a case analysis. Students are to result the following case questions. Case 1 Wynn Resorts (Print) Q1 What are Wynn Resorts distinctive resources and competencies? Q2 What is the industry structure in which in which Wynn Resorts operates? Case 2 APPLE in 2008 (Print) Q1 His torically, what were apples major competitive advantages?Q2 Using Porters five forces model how has the structure of the personal computer industry changed over the last 20 years? Assignments Guidelines This is an individual assignment. The aims is to introduce and appraise International business in the world setting This is an essay discussion paper. As an essay, your work must not contain any headings (other than the question itself), graphs or illustrations. The report should have a cover and its main discussion shall not exceed six (6) scalawags. The cover page shall contain the students number and full name, and the title of this course.The report shall be in plain white paper and stapled on the top lefthand corner, no file is required. nerve Times New Roman or Ariel 12 pts and line spacing is 1. 5. A good quality work will requires o o o o o Evidence of wide & relevant (and correctly referenced) reading and research Presentation of a balanced and well considered agate lin e Originality experience and understanding of key apprehensions Analysis and level of argument, Good use of appropriate frameworks, theory or models Good understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of models used 2 o o A logical consequence fitting the arguments presented and, Demonstration of a clear and concise paper style. Please see page 18 for assessment and grading standards. Students should familiarize themselves with the Universitys policy on the late submission of coursework. This Pre Course Assignment (PCA) must be submitted in hard copy. See the PCA deadline in table 2B above. Please read the Grade Descriptors in the PCA Grade Descriptor table. 2.Main Assignment Case analysis Assignment Case analysis This assignment is a case analysis. Students are to answer the following case questions. Case 16 Alarm Ringing Nokia in 2010 (in textbook). 1. Describe Nokias vision and mission for its organization and how was it implemented? What suggestions can you provide (if a ny) that would or would have strategically positioned them in a competitive market? 2. Using the competitive forces model, what alarms should Nokia have identified in their strategic pursuits? 3.In Nokias current situation, what strategy and techniques do you suggest to better position them for future growth? 4. What should Nokia have done to compete technologically? 5. What generic business level strategy should Nokia pursues today? What doings the company have to take at the functional level to support this strategy? 6. Nokia when into a strategic adhesiveness with Microsoft, explain what possible competitive advantages could Nokia gain from this relationship. What is Nokias new competitive positioning. 13Assignments Guidelines This is an individual assignment. The aim is to critically appraise issues in Business and corporate level strategies formulation for the firm. The report should have a cover, content and its main discussion shall not exceed twenty (20) pages. The cover p age shall contain the students number and full name, and the title of this course. The report shall be in plain white paper and stapled on the top left-hand corner, no file is required. Font Times New Roman or Ariel 12 pts and line spacing is 1. 5.A good quality work will requires o o o o o o o Evidence of wide & relevant (and correctly referenced) reading and research Presentation of a balanced and well considered argument Originality Knowledge and understanding of key concepts Analysis and level of argument, Good use of appropriate frameworks, theory or models Good understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of models used A logical conclusion fitting the arguments presented and, Demonstration of a clear and concise writing style. Please see page 18 for assessment and grading standards.Students should familiarize themselves with the Universitys policy on the late submission of coursework. This Main Assignment must be submitted to your Programme Manager in hard copy. See the deadline in table 2B. Please read the Grade Descriptors in the Main Assignment Grade Descriptor table. 14 4. Examination 5. The examination (3 hours) will focus on module themes and the material covered in the text, cases, assigned readings, videos and class discussions. For this, students are expected to demonstrate their understanding of theory and practice addressed throughout the module.The examination question format will be designed to allow you show your understanding of the topics discussed and also reveal your learning (new and prior). More specific guidelines regarding the examination paper format and questions will be provided during the final session. 6. Students will have the opportunity to ask questions about its design and style and be advised the type of answers expected. 7. A recent historical examination paper is included in Appendix 3 of this Study Guide, please be prepared for slightly different style of question PART 5 GRADINGThis section of the Study Guide pr ovides students with details of the UCD grading system and also explains criterion referenced grading (UCD Policy). Under criterion referenced grading, students are graded on the quality of their work without reference to other students (norm referenced). For instance, the submission that meets the required guidelines in terms of writing style, analysis, description and / or summary will be awarded according to the standards set out. All students work is graded to indicate the standard attained using the criterion referenced approach.Table 3 UCD Grading remains Grade A+ A AB+ B BC+ Very good Excellent Description Grade Point 4. 2 4. 0 3. 8 3. 6 3. 4 3. 2 3. 0 15 C CD+ D DE F G Good 2. 8 2. 6 2. 4 satisfactory 2. 2 2. 0 Marginal Fail (unacceptable, no compensation) Fail (Wholly unacceptable no compensation) 1. 6 1. 0 0. 4 NG Fail (Wholly unacceptable no relevant attempt) 0. 0 More specific grade descriptors are set out for your assessment components in the following pages. Table 4 b elow provides descriptors for the Pre-Module Assignment please read them prior to submitting your work.Table 4 Grade Descriptors Pre-Module Assignment Grade Criteria Paper is exceptionally well searched. Extremely detailed and accurate with critical narrate A3 from a wide variety of sources that is all properly cited. Strong evidences of wide & relevant victority, knowledge and understanding of key concepts, analysis and level of argument. Exceptionally critical, relevant and logical connections made between arguments, evidence, subtopics, wake excellent analysis. Presentation of a balanced and well considered argument.Demonstration of a clear and concise writing style. Paper is well researched in detail with accurate & critical evidence from a variety of sources B that is properly cited. Evidences of wide & relevant originality, knowledge and understanding of key concepts, analysis and level of argument. Consistent connections made between While the criteria detailed above re fer to A D grades (inclusive) only, please note that all bands will be used (A+, A and A- B+, B and B- etc) for grading assignments. 3 16 vidence, subtopics, arguments & thesis / topic showing good analysis Some aspects of paper is researched with few accurate evidence from limited sources with C some citations. Some connections made between evidence, subtopics, arguments & thesis / topic showing analysis. -limited information on topic with deprivation of research, details or accurate evidence D -limited connections made between evidence, subtopics, counterarguments & thesis / topic -lack of analysis Table 5 Grade Descriptors Main assignment Grade Criteria Paper is exceptionally well searched.Extremely detailed and accurate with critical evidence A4 from a wide variety of sources that is all properly cited. Strong evidences of wide & relevant originality, knowledge and understanding of key concepts, analysis and level of argument. Exceptionally critical, relevant and consistent connections made between arguments, evidence, subtopics, showing excellent analysis. Presentation of a balanced and well considered argument. Demonstration of a clear and concise writing style. Paper is well researched in detail with accurate & critical evidence from a variety of sourcesB that is properly cited. Evidences of wide & relevant originality, knowledge and understanding of key concepts, analysis and level of argument. Consistent connections made between evidence, subtopics, arguments & thesis / topic showing good analysis Some aspects of paper is researched with some accurate evidence from limited sources with C some citations. Some connections made between evidence, subtopics, arguments & thesis / topic showing analysis. -limited information on topic with lack of research, details or accurate evidence D limited connections made between evidence, subtopics, counterarguments & thesis / topic -lack of analysis While the criteria detailed above refer to A D grades (inclusiv e) only, please note that all bands will be used (A+, A and A- B+, B and B- etc) for grading assignments. 4 17 NB All students are advised to read the UCD Business School Code of Practice for Group work see Appendix 1. TABLE 6 Grade Descriptors Formal Closed Book Examination Grade Characteristics Answers are extremely detailed and accurate with critical evidence from a wide variety of sources.Strong evidences of wide & relevant knowledge and understanding of key A concepts, analysis and level of argument. Exceptionally critical, relevant and consistent in addressing the question and made between arguments, evidence, subtopics, showing excellent analysis. Presentation of a balanced and well considered argument. Demonstration of a clear and concise writing style. Answers have good detail with accurate & critical evidence from a variety of sources. Evidences of wide & relevant originality, knowledge and understanding of key concepts, B nalysis and level of argument. Consistent in add ressing the question and made between arguments, evidence, subtopics, showing good analysis. Demonstration of a clear and concise writing style. C Some aspects of answers have good detail with some accurate evidence from limited sources. Address some aspect of the question and made between arguments, evidence, subtopics, showing good analysis. -limited information on topic with lack of details or accurate evidence. D -limited connections made between evidence, subtopics, counterarguments & thesis / topic. lack of coherent analysis. PART 6 CONCLUDING COMMENTS This Study Guide is designed to assist and guide your learning for this module. It is important that you read it regularly and do so in conjunction with the core text, the assigned readings and session materials. Should you need clarification on issues covered, please let me know during the seminar sessions. I hope you enjoy the module and wish you good luck with the break of your study and for the future. 18 Name of Module Co- ordinator, Dr. Richard Tan Date Oct 2012 19 APPENDIX 1You are advised to read the following important documents before you commence your studies on this module 1. Guidelines for the Late Submission of Coursework This document provides a detailed outline of the rules and regulations surrounding the presentation, submission and marking of assignments. The guidelines provided must be adhered at all times to avoid an unnecessary loss of marks. Further details on www. ucd. ie/registry/academicsecretariat/late_sub. pdf 2. A Briefing Document for Students on academician Integrity and Plagiarism.The University understands plagiarism to be the inclusion of another persons writings or ideas or works, in any formally presented work (including essays, theses, examinations, projects, lab reports, oral, poster or slide presentations) which form part of the assessment requirements for a module or programme of study, without collect acknowledgement either wholly or in part of the original source of the material through appropriate citation. Further details please go to www. ucd. ie/registry/academicsecretariat/plag_pol_proc. pdf Plagiarism is a form of academic dishonesty.In any assignment, plagiarism means that you have presented information or ideas belonging to someone else falsely as being your own original thoughts on a subject. All assessments/projects submitted must be the result of your own work. The following statement must be included on the cover page of all assignments submitted I declare that all materials included in this essay/report/project/dissertation is the end result of my own work and that due acknowledgement have been given in the bibliography and references to ALL sources be they printed, electronic or personal. Signed Student name/s, student number Date 0 APPENDIX 2 Note to Students Providing a copy of this paper does not signify that future papers will follow the exact same format. SEMESTER I EXAMINATION 210 Academic Year 2009/10 MASTER OF SCIENCE (Singapore) MSc9/10 Full-Time BMGT 4025S Business Policy prof John Benson Professor Brian Fynes Dr. Paul McGrath Professor Pat Gibbons* Mr. Richard Tan* Time Allowed 2 Hours Instructions for Candidates Answer any TWO (2) questions. All questions carry equal marks. 21 movement 1 draw up an essay explaining the concept of the Resource-based view in strategic planning and formulation.In your discussion explain and emphasise how resources and capabilities can lead to a competitive advantage. Also deck the five-steps describing the linkages between resource identification and strategic decisions that will lead to above-average returns. Illustrate your answer with reference to the Apple case study or from your group project. Question 2 In September 2001, two leading players in the global computer industry Hewlett-Packard Company (HP) and Compaq Computer Corporation (Compaq) announced their merger.HP bought Compaq for US$ 24 billion in stocks and it was the biggest deal in the histor y of the computer industry. However, the acquisition strategy to achieve strategic advantage and competitiveness did not succeed and the procedure of the merged firms suffered. Identify and explain the reasons for HPs decision to acquire Compaq. In your discussion provide insights as to the likely reasons for the poor performance later on the firms merged. Question 3 When Apple launched its iPhone into the mobile phone market, many competitors responded and attacked. Describe and discuss why Apple was attacked by competitors.In your discussion you should consider and explain the concept of market commonality and resource similarity that increases the likelihood of an attack. Also offer insights into Apples competitor awareness, motivation and ability that increases the likelihood of strategic action against others. Question 4 Strategic chemical bond is a primary type of cooperative strategy. This is an alternative strategy a firm could use to grow, develop value-creating competit ive advantages, and create differences between them and competitors. Write an essay and explain in detail the 3 main types of strategic alliances.In addition, offer insights into the benefits for a firm entering into an alliance in the slow, fast and standard-cycle markets. Illustrate your discussion with any other examples you feel to be relevant. Question 5 Write an essay that explains in detail the concept of cost leadership strategy as a competitive strategy. In your discussion, explain and provide insights into the cost reduction strategies a company can resume in order to achieve cost leadership within a strategic group. 22 Illustrate your answer with reference to competitive strategies in the personalized computer industry (Acer, Dell, etc) oOo 23

Lord of the Flies Literary Analysis Essay Essay

After analyzing the characters in William Goldings novel, cleric of the Flies, adept can recognize that globey of the characters realize the writing of the novel. One of the prominent themes in Lord of the Flies is mans inner shoot mans inhumaneness to others, and Golding manages explore and capture this theme in a way that is enjoyable to read. Three characters in the book who truly illustrate the theme of mans inner uncivilized mans inhumanity to others are turd, Ralph, and Simon.The theme of the novel, mans inner savage mans inhumanity to others is most apparent in goose Merridews character. Our first true glance into Jacks inner monster occurs subsequently he kills his first pigHis mind was move with memories memories of the knowledge that had come to them when they closed in on the struggling pig, knowledge that they had breakwitted a living thing, oblige their will upon it, taken away its life like a long satisfying drink (Golding, 81). Jacks excitement stems fr om having outwitted a living thing, and having imposed his will on it, which he later does with Simon, and Piggy. Jack re completelyy has no reason for killing showing that, Perhaps the most disturbing motives for killing is tho for the thrill of it. (Ramsland, 3). Throughout the book, Jack is driven by his thirst for power, and is willing to go to any lengths to fare what he wants, which includes killing anybody that steps in his way. Heslowly begins to lose his conscience, as shown by the position that he lifes no remorse, guilt, or regret after participating in the inhuman murders of both Simon, and Piggy. The purget that Jack could turn from a proper, English male child to a murderer who can kill and feel no remorse, shows that Jack does harbour a monster inside of him, is a savage, and he is very competent of being inhumane to others, thus, illustrating the theme of the novel.Read AlsoAnalytical Essay Topics for CollegeAnother character who presently illustrates the t heme of the novel is Ralph. Ralph shouldered the responsibility of rescuing all the boys, proving him to be the drawing card that the boys on the island needed, but even then, Ralph senses himself falling into the same savagery as the other boys at times during the book. On the hunt that Ralph participates in, Ralphs inner savage has one of its moreover opportunities to reveal itself, Ralph too was fighting to get near, to get a handful of that brown, vulnerable flesh. The desire to squeeze and hurt was over-mastering (Golding, 164). This hunt proved that even Ralph, the sensible, responsible, and intellectual leader who represented the struggle for order, civilization, and democracy on the island, has an inner savage, just waiting to get out.Near the mop up of the book, Ralph was close to falling victim to the other boys savagery as they were chasing him by dint of the island, pretend to kill him. He trips and falls at the feet of an officer, and begins to cry, Ralph wept for t he end of innocence, the darkness of mans heart, and the fall through the air of a true, wise friend called Piggy (Golding, 290). Ralph cries for all that he has lost, and at that moment, he realizes that he will never be the same since he has learned about the evil that lurks within all humans, illustrating the theme of mans inner savage mans inhumanity to others.Mans inner savage mans inhumanity to others is first recognized by the character, Simon, in the novel, Lord of the Flies. When the boys discuss the possibility of there being a beast on the island, Simon steps forward and says, perchance its all us. (Golding, 126) implying that it was the boys themselves who were the beast, capable of hurting, of killing, and of committing other acts of evil. This theme is explored prior to the killing of Simon, the other boys chant, cancel out the beast Cut his throat Spill his blood Do him in (Golding, 219) and when Simon is being murdered, Goldingdescribes it in brutal detail to emph asize the inhumanity shown by the other boys, and to show how savage they have becomeThe sticks knock off and the mouth of the new circle crunched and screamed. The beast was on its knees in the center, its arms folded over its face. It was crying out against the abominable noise something about a body on the hill. The beast struggled forward, broke the ring and swing over the steep edge of the rock to the sand by the water. At once the crowd surged after it, poured down the rock, leapt on to the beast, screamed, struck, bit, tore. There were no words, and no movements but the tearing of teeth and claws (Golding, 219). On the island, Simon was the only character to represent hope, and innocence, but in the end, he was a direct result of the other boys savagery, and inhumanity. His death signified the end of innocence, and goodness on the island.In William Goldings book, Lord of the Flies, the theme of mans inner savage mans inhumanity to others is explored in many ways, one of the m being through the characters Jack, Ralph, and Simon. Jack embodies this theme the most, since he is the first to turn savage, and impose his will on the other boys. Ralph comes close to becoming a savage at times throughout the book, and Simon is one of the only characters who manages to keep his innocence, but is a direct result of the savagery shown by the other boys on the island in the end. William Golding managed to explore and capture the theme of mans inner savage mans inhumanity to others perfectly in his book, Lord of the Flies in a way that is enjoyable for all to read. whole kit and caboodle CitedGolding, William. Lord of the flies. New York Coward-McCann, 1962. Print.Ramsland, Katherine. The Unthinkable Children Who Kill and What Motivates Them Retrieved December 2, 2012, from http//www.trutv.com/library/crime/serial_killers/weird/kids2/index_1.html